Integrated project delivery (IPD)
Integrated project delivery (IPD) is a project delivery model built around a collaborative alliance of stakeholders who each share risk and reward. It involves the key project stakeholders (the client, architect, contractor, and so on) entering into a single contract that encourages collaboration, optimises results, reduces waste and maximises efficiency and expertise.
The stakeholders collectively determine project goals, budgets, allocation of risk and compensation. The contract typically specifies the separate responsibilities of the stakeholders but enshrines collective responsibility for the project’s successful delivery.
The IPD contract agreement is typically signed by a ‘leadership team’ comprising the client, lead designer/architect and contractor. They are primarily responsible for delivering the project to the budget, schedule and quality specified by the client. Subcontractors and other stakeholders may agree to become ‘risk/reward partners’ (or they can be contracted on conventional sub-contract agreements).
Risk/reward partners agree to be reimbursed on a cost plus overhead and profit basis if the project performs well. The profit is fixed as a lump sum amount at the point at which the contract amount is negotiated and agreed by the stakeholders. The risk/reward partners may lose some or all of their profit if the project falls behind the budget or schedule, and the contract will lay out the terms of this loss. It is usual for the client to agree to pay for the project at cost if all profit is lost, thereby allowing stakeholders to limit their losses purely to the profit they would otherwise have earned on the project.
The benefit of the IPD method is that the contract removes barriers to collaboration and innovation, combining incentives for the project team as a whole rather than having them seek increased profits from the project individually. Instead of individual successes or failures, the overall outcomes determine the collective rewards.
By openly sharing the project goals, risk and rewards, this can result in a more dependable flow of information between the main parties, leading to a sharing of knowledge and technology. In addition, the project can benefit from being able to adopt lean construction principles, overlapping design and construction phases, and so on.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Collaborative practices.
- Consortium.
- Construction contract.
- Construction manager at-risk.
- Construction management contract.
- Construction project.
- Design and build.
- Integrated project team.
- Integrated supply team.
- Just-in-time manufacturing.
- Joint venture.
- Kanban.
- Lean construction.
- Managing the procurement process.
- Partnership.
- Procurement route.
- Tender process.
Featured articles and news
Awe-inspiring medieval great barns.
Registered building inspectors
Building types and conflicts of interest updates explaineed.
Engineering services still struggle with labour shortages
According to latest quarterly services survey of the sector.
Infrastructure that connect the physical and digital domains.
Harnessing robotics and AI in challenging environments
The key to nuclear decommissioning and fusion engineering.
BSRIA announces Lisa Ashworth as new CEO
Tasked with furthering BSRIA’s impressive growth ambitions.
Public buildings get half a million energy efficiency boost
£557 million to switch to cleaner heating and save on energy.
CIOB launches pre-election manifesto
Outlining potential future policies for the next government.
Grenfell Tower Inquiry announcement
Phase 2 hearings come to a close and the final report due in September.
Progress from Parts L, F and O: A whitepaper, one year on.
A replicated study to understand the opinion of practitioners.
ECA announces new president 2024
Electrical engineer and business leader Stuart Smith.
A distinct type of countryside that should be celebrated.
Should Part O be extended to existing buildings?
EAC brands heatwave adaptation a missed opportunity.
Definition of Statutory in workplace and facilities management
Established by IWFM, BESA, CIBSE and BSRIA.
Tackling the transition from traditional heating systems
59% lack the necessary information and confidence to switch.
The general election and the construction industry
As PM, Rishi Sunak announces July 4 date for an election.